New research has raised concerns about the impact of digital device use on babies and toddlers, with scientists calling for more investigation into how early exposure to smartphones, tablets, and other screens may affect child development.
The review, described by researchers as one of the broadest assessments of existing evidence on infant screen use, suggests that frequent intentional screen exposure during the first two years of life may be linked with challenges involving language development, sleep patterns, physical activity, and early social interaction.
Researchers say the issue has received less attention compared with discussions around teenagers and social media use, creating what they describe as a gap in policies focused on young children’s digital habits.
According to the research team, early childhood is a critical period for building communication skills, emotional connections, and physical abilities. They argue that time spent on screens could replace important activities such as playing, exploring, and interacting with parents or caregivers.
The study does not prove that screen use directly causes specific developmental problems. However, researchers say the available evidence suggests that regular screen exposure at such an early age may create potential risks, especially when digital devices replace face-to-face interaction.
Experts involved in the research highlighted concerns that some children may begin relying on screens for comfort or calming, instead of developing other forms of emotional regulation through relationships and real-world experiences.
The researchers are urging policymakers to review existing advice on screen use among young children. They say guidance that allows limited shared screen activities, such as video calls or educational content, could sometimes be misunderstood by parents as suggesting that screen use is completely harmless for infants.
The team is also calling for additional support systems for families, including assessments that can identify when digital habits may be affecting a child’s development and provide guidance where needed.
Researchers from several UK universities involved in the project said families should receive practical advice rather than criticism, noting that many parents are navigating technology use without clear support.
Child development experts also emphasized that responsibility should not fall only on parents. They argue that technology companies and content platforms should consider how digital products are designed and marketed for very young children.
Government officials said existing guidance aims to help families make informed choices while recognizing that some limited screen use, such as connecting with relatives through video calls, is part of modern life.
As digital devices become increasingly common in homes, researchers say understanding their effects during the earliest stages of childhood development will remain an important area of study.
